A Comparative Seismic & Cost Analysis of RCC and Steel Frame Structures of Residential Building: A Case Study for Kabul, Afghanistan

Hedayat Ullah Safi; Mohammad Hashim Ayaz; Shir Zaman  Sahak; Muhammad Shafiq Haibat

doi:10.14232/analecta.2025.2.1-14

Authors

Hedayat Ullah Safi Polytechnical University of Kabul https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2403-3616
Mohammad Hashim Ayaz Polytechnical University of Kabul
Shir Zaman Sahak
Muhammad Shafiq Haibat Polytechnical University of Kabul

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14232/analecta.2025.2.1-14

Keywords:

comparative analysis, Seismic & Cost Analysis,, RCC & Steel Frame, Residential Building

Abstract

The building materials choice and construction methods are critical to ensure the urban infrastructure’s safety, sustainability, and pliability. This study presents a comprehensive comparative seismic analysis of steel and reinforced cement concrete (RCC) frame structures for a residential building in Kabul, Afghanistan. Owing to the seismic vulnerability of the area and shifting construction trends, the performance of the two structural systems is compared using a 3D ETABS model for the most dominant seismic parameters. The study aims to enlighten planners, engineers and policy makers with evidenced-base facts to guide appropriate choice of structural systems that enhance sustainable city development. The key findings show that the Steel buildings, exhibit improved seismic performance due to their lightness, increased ductility, and stiffness-distributed uniformly. In addition, steel frames had significant cost benefits, with this study reporting up to 41.28% greater cost-effectiveness over RCC. The conclusion shows that, although both systems are feasible, steel frame buildings are more efficient and durable for seismic areas and Kabul city.

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